The atmosphere energy budget

The intensity of sunlight reaching the earth’s outer atmosphere has been very steady, ranging only slightly from its mean value of about 1370 watts of short-wave energy per square meter as it goes through its sunspot cycles. Although this value … Continue reading

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Natural causes for Climate Change

The two primary natural causes of climate change and variations over the past century are changes in the sun’s energy and the emission of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere through explosive volcanic eruptions. The intensity of solar irradiance reaching the … Continue reading

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Models and observations agree

When advanced climate models are forced only with human and natural climate forcings of the past century (gray line), the results agree remarkably well with the trends in observed climate (red line). These simulations were conducted with the UKMO Hadley … Continue reading

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Trends in global temperature

Recent global temperatures appear to be unprecedented during at least the past 2 millenia • source: Climate Change: The role of engineers and geoscientists • See also XlnkS5D6

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FCCC and Kyoto

FCCC objective is “…to achieve…stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations…at a level that would prevent dangerous interference with the climate system” Kyoto Protocol Commitments: Developed countries – 5.2% reduction from 1990 emissions by 2010 Canada – 6% reduction • source: Climate … Continue reading

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